M.9 (Jaune de Metz)
M.26 M 3436
M.27 (3431)
MM.106

M.9 (syn.Jaune de Metz)

Origin
East Malling, England. selection 1912. First introduction to Australia about late 1940s at Bathurst ARS. EMLA introduction (IC709017, IT729017, IN749017, IW789017), at Orange from Canberra 1970 via Rydalmere 1974. New introduction of the same IN920786..

Description
Leaf - large, somewhat shiny, flat.
Shape - oval, acute tip, truncate base.
Margin - finely serrated, pie crust.
Stipules - small, narrow, not distinct.
Shoot - straight, thick, short, scarcely any side shoots, reddish yellow with silvery sheen, brittle.
Flower - early, like M.27, closely following Ottawa 3, third week in October.
Fruit - medium flattish conical, ridges around closed eye in shallow basin, medium short stalk in small basin, yellow with pinkish blush, matures earliest of rootstocks about last week in January.

Vigour
Dwarf trees about 2-3m high (30% size of seedling ).

Propagation
Roots well in stoolbed but production per bed is low because of limited shoot number. Some new clones, i.e. Pajam 2, are more productive in stoolbeds..

Resistance
Very susceptible to woolly aphids and fireblight, partially resistant to collar rot, resistant to latent viruses.

Uses
Major dwarf rootstock for high density plantings. Very precocious, and fruit colours and sizes well. Poor anchorage so must have support for tree's life. Should be planted on sites with deep, fertile, well drained soil, very few suckers, few burr-knots.

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M.26 (syn.M 3436)

Origin
H.M. Tydeman. East Malling, England. M.16 x M.9 (1929)

Description
Leaf - upfolded and curled back with wavy edges, petiole pinkish when young, dull.
Shape - ovate, acute tip and truncate base.
Margin - deeply serrated, uneven.
Stipules - elliptical, long, narrow.
Shoot - pinkish red wood, many spiky side branches.
Flower - mid, a week to 10 days after M.9, fourth week in October.
Fruit - medium small flat conical, part closed eye in shallow wide basin, short stalk, greeny with orange red blush and slight stripe, matures late February - early March.

Vigour
In between M.9. and MM.106. (40% size of seedling)
Propagation
Produces well in stoolbeds..

Resistance 
Mildly susceptible to collar rot. Susceptible to woolly aphids, very susceptible to fireblight. Prone to burrknots.

Uses
Dwarf rootstock for high density plantings, may need support under most conditions, precocious and productive, susceptible to drought and wet feet, does not sucker much, compatible, not brittle, hardy. Suitable for Gala, Fuji, Pink Lady, Hi Early etc.

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MM.106

Origin
East Malling and John Innes, U.K. (1920's), Northern Spy x M.1.

Description
Leaf - large, flat, leathery and rather glossy, veins underneath are pinkish.
Shape - ovate, tip attenuate, base obtuse.
Margin - neatly serrated.
Stipules - prominent, elliptical, slightly serrated.
Shoot - young is profusely hairy, 2 year wood dull green.
Flower - late, fourth week in October.
Fruit -

Vigour
Semi-vigorous, similar to M.7. (70% size of seedling)

Propagation
Very productive on stoolbeds, roots readily from hard wood cuttings with bottom heat and hormone dip.

Resistance
Very susceptible to various strains of collar rot, susceptible to mildew, tolerant to fireblight, resistant to woolly aphids.

Uses
Precocious, heavy cropping, reasonable anchorage, suitable for semi-intensive plantings on well drained sites with most new varieties, sensitive to Specific Apple Replant Disease (SARD).

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